Titles (129)Keywords (1)Notes (19)Abstracts (3)
A gender perspective on pest and disease management from the cases of roots, tubers and bananas in Asia, Kawarazuka, N., Damtew, E., Mayanja, S., Okonya, J. S.*, Rietveld, A., Slavchevska, V. and Teeken, B., in: Frontiers in Agronomy, volume 2, number -: 7, pages 1-5, 2020. [DOI]
 
A review of varietal change in roots, tubers and bananas: consumer preferences and other drivers of adoption and implications for breeding, Dufour, D., Vernier, P., Mwanga, R. O., Parker, M., Schulte-Geldermann, E., Teeken, B., Assfaw Wossen, T., Gotor, E., Kikulwe, E., Tufan, H. A., Sinelle, S., Kouakou, A. M., Friedmann, M., Polar, V. and Hershey, C., in: International Journal of Food Science and Technology, pages 1-17, ISSN 0950-5423, 2020. [DOI]
 
Adoption and impact of tissue culture bananas in Burundi, Ouma, E., Van Asten, P. and Dubois, T., In: Book of Abstracts of CIALCA International Conference on "Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Intensification of the Humid-Highland Systems of sub-Saharan Africa", Kigali, Rwanda, 24-27 October, 2011.
 
Adoption and impact of tissue culture bananas in Burundi: an application of a propensity score matching approach, Ouma, E., Dubois, E., Kabunga, N., Nkurunziza, S., Qaim, M. and Van Asten, P., pages 216-223, chapter 26, CABI International, ISBN 9781780642314, 2013. [DOI]
 
Agronomic performance of local and introduced plantains, dessert, cooking and beer bananas (Musa spp.) across different altitude and soil conditions in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, Kamira, M.*, Ntamwira, J.*, Sivirihauma, C., Ocimati, W., Van Asten, P., Vutseme, L.* and Blomme, G., in: African Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 11, number 43, pages 4313-4332, ISSN 1991-637X, 2016. [DOI]
 
Allometric growth relationships of East Africa highland bananas (Musa AAA-EAHB) cv. Kisansa and Mbwazirume, Nyombi, K.*, Van Asten, P., Leffelaar, P. A., Corbeels, M.*, Kaizzi, C. K.* and Giller, K., in: Annals of Applied Biology, volume 155, number 3, pages 403-418, ISSN 0003-4746, 2009.
 
Analysis of the pathogenic variability and genetic diversity of the plant-parasitic nematode Radopholus similis on bananas, Plowright, R., Dusabe, J.*, Coyne, D. and Speijer, P., in: Nematology, volume 15, number 1, pages 41-56, ISSN 1388-5545, 2013. [DOI]
 
Application of pollen germination media on stigmas during pollination increases seed set in east African highland cooking bananas (Musa spp.), Waniale, A.*, Swennen, R., Mukasa, S.*, Tugume, A. K.*, Kubiriba, J.*, Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Amah, D. and Tumuhimbise, R.*, in: Agronomy, volume 11, number 6: 1085, pages 1-9, ISSN 2073-4395, 2021. [DOI]
 
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the rhizosphere of bananas in farming systems of Central Kenya, Jefwa, J.*, Ruto, L.*, Elsen, A., Kahangi, E.*, Van Asten, P., Losenge, T.*, Mwajita, M.*, Vanlauwe, B. and Sanginga, N.+, Abstract, 2007.
 
Assessment of linkage disequilibrium for candidate gene identification and marker-assisted breeding in Musa spp. (bananas and plantains), Vroh Bi, I. and Tenkouano, A., 2006.
 
Banana bunchy top virus threat to African bananas, Kumar, P. L., Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2022.
 
Banana die-back: a new disease of bananas, Auwerkerken, A., Hughes, J., Coyne, D. and De Waele, D., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 2001.
 
Banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) infestation of cooking and beer bananas in adjacent stands in Uganda, Gold, C. and Bagabe, M. I., in: African Entomology, volume 5, pages 103-108, 1997.
 
Bananas and plantains (Musa spp.), Brown, A., Tumuhimbise, R.*, Amah, D., Uwimana, B., Nyine, M., Mduma, H., Talengera, D.*, Karamura, D., Kuriba, J.* and Swennen, R., pages 219-240, chapter 7, Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-59817-8, 2017. [DOI]
 
Bananas and plantains (Musa spp.): transgenics and biotechnology, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J. and Vroh Bi, I., in: Transgenic Plant Journal, volume 1, pages 185-201, ISSN 1749-0413, 2007.
 
Bananas in Africa: Diversity, uses and prospects for improvement, Swennen, R. and Vuylsteke, D., volume II, pages 151-159, chapter 3.4, IBPGR; UNEP; International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA); CNR, ISBN 978 131 063 4, 1991.
 
Bananas: an untapped treasure: in Nestle Foundation 50 Anniversary Report 2015, Swennen, R. and Van den Bergh, I., 2016.
 
Bananas: the green gold of the south, Sylvie De Buck, R. E. and Swennen, R., Facts series, International Plant Biotechnology Outreach (IPBO), 2016.
 
Bioinformatics analysis to assess potential risks of allergenicity and toxicity of HRAP and PFLP proteins in genetically modified bananas resistant to Xanthomonas wilt disease, Jin, Y., Goodman, R. E., Tetteh, A. O., Lu, M. and Tripathi, L., in: Food and Chemical Toxicology, volume 109, number 1, pages 81-89, ISSN 0278-6915, 2017. [DOI]
 
Biological factors affecting seed set in highland bananas, Ssebuliba, R., Magambo, M. J. S.*, Talengera, D., Makumbi, D.*, Tenkouano, A., Rubaihayo, P.* and Pillay, M., in: Journal of Crop Improvement, volume 16, pages 67-79, ISSN 1542-7528, 2006.
 
Breeding and end-use quality traits of roots, tubers, and bananas (RTB) crops for authentic African cuisines-a review, Alamu, E. O., Adesokan, M., Awoyale, W. and Maziya-Dixon, B., in: Euphytica, number 220:129, pages 1-21, ISSN 0014-2336, 2024. [DOI]
 
Breeding bananas and plantains from intractability to feasibility, Vuylsteke, D., in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 540, pages 149-156, 2000.
 
Breeding bananas and plantains: from intractability to feasibility, Vuylsteke, D., in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 540, pages 149-156, ISSN 0567-7572, 2000.
 
Breeding climate-resilient bananas, Brown, A., Carpentier, S. C. and Swennen, R., pages 91-115, chapter 4, Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-97945-8, 2020. [DOI]
 
Challenges for ex Situ conservation of wild bananas: seeds collected in Papua new guinea have variable levels of desiccation tolerance, Kallow, S., Longin, K., Sleziak, N., Janssens, S., Vandelook, F., Dickie, J., Swennen, R., Paofa, J., Carpentier, S. C. and Panis, B., in: Plants, volume 9, number -: 1243, pages 1-21, ISSN 2223-7747, 2020. [DOI]
 
Characterizing fruit ripening in plantain and Cavendish bananas: a proteomics approach, Bhuiyan, F., Campos, N. A., Swennen, R. and Carpentier, S. C., in: Journal of Proteomics, volume 214, number -: 103632, pages 1-11, ISSN 1874-3919, 2020. [DOI]
 
Chromosome painting in cultivated bananas and their wild relatives (Musa spp.) reveals differences in chromosome structure, Simonikova, D., Nemeckova, A., Cizkova, J., Brown, A., Swennen, R., Doležel, J. and Hřibová, E., in: International Journal of Molecular Sciences, volume 21, number 21: 7915, pages 1-17, ISSN 1422-0067, 2020. [DOI]
 
Crossbreeding east African highland bananas: lessons learnt relevant to the botany of the crop after 21 years of genetic enhancement, Batte, M., Swennen, R., Uwimana, B., Akech, V., Brown, A., Tumuhimbise, R.*, Hovmalm, H. P., Geleta, M. and Ortiz, R ., in: Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 10, number 81, pages 1-9, ISSN 1664-462X, 2019. [DOI]
 
Current status and future prospects of genetic improvement in bananas, Tripathi, L., pages 1-21, chapter 1, Bioscience Publications, 2008.
 
Current status and future prospects of genetic improvement in bananas In: Crop improvement and biotechnology, Tripathi, L., Bioscience Publications, 2006.
 
Defense-related gene expression in susceptible and tolerant bananas (Musa spp.) following inoculation with non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum endophytes and challenge with Radopholus similis, Paparu, P., Dubois, T., Coyne, D. and Viljoen, A.*, in: Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, volume 71, number 4-6, pages 149-157, ISSN 0885-5765, 2007.
 
Detecting genetic diversity in diploid bananas using PCR and primers from ahighly repetitive DNA sequence, Jarret, R. L., Vuylsteke, D., Gawel, N. T., Pimental, R. B. and Dunbar, L. J., in: Euphytica, volume 68, pages 69-76, 1993.
 
Developing Xanthomonas wilt resistance varieties of bananas through genetic engineering, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J. and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, in: Seminar on bacterial wilt control initiatives at KARI, 19 April, Kawanda, Uganda, 2005.
 
Development and evaluation of steamer for Attieke production: a cross cutting initiative of CGIAR Research Program for Roots , Tubers and Bananas: poster, Sangodoyin, O. M.*, Alamu, E. O., Diallo, T. A., Kolawole, P., Abass, A., Maziya-Dixon, B., Parkes, E., Awoyale, W., Buraimoh, B., Ben, J., Tran, T., Jekayinfa, S. O.*, Olajide, J. O.*, Kulakow, P., Dixon, A. and Asiedu, R., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 2019.
 
Development of BXW resistance bananas through genetic engineering, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J. and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, in: Bacterial wilt workshop organised by FAO, 14-18 February 2005, Kampala, Uganda, 2005.
 
Differential gene expression in East African highland bananas (Musa spp.): interactions between non-pathogenic Fusarium V5w2 and Radopholus similis, Paparu, P., Dubois, T., Coyne, D. and Viljoen, A.*, in: Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, volume 82, pages 56-63, ISSN 0885-5765, 2013. [DOI]
 
Dominant allele phylogeny and constitutive subgenome haplotype inference in bananas using mitochondrial and nuclear markers, Muiruri, K. S.*, Britt, A. B., Amugune, N. O.*, Nguu, E.*, Chan, S. and Tripathi, L., in: Genome Biology and Evolution, volume 9, number 10, pages 2510-2521, ISSN 1759-6653, 2017. [DOI]
 
Drought stress in EAH bananas, Van Asten, P., Lorenzen, J., Swennen, R.+, Fermont, A., Taulya, G., Hearne, S., zum Felde, A., Knops, A., Declerck, S., Collard, F. and Carpentier, S. C., Poster presentation: IITA R4D week 2010, 2010.
 
Drought stress, nitrogen and potassium deficiency effects on dry matter partitioning in East African highland bananas, Taulya, G., Van Asten, P., Leffelaar, P. A. and Giller, K., Abstract (Poster Presentation) in Book of Abstracts of CIALCA International Conference on "Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Intensification of the Humid-Highland Systems of sub-Saharan Africa", Kigali, Rwanda, 24-27 October, 2011.
 
East African highland bananas (Musa spp. AAA-EA) 'worry' more about potassium deficiency than drought stress, Taulya, G., in: Field Crops Research, volume 151, pages 45-55, ISSN 0378-4290, 2013. [DOI]
 
Ecological characteristics and cultivar influence optimal plant density of East African highland bananas (Musa spp., AAA-EA) in low input cropping systems, Ndabamenye, T.*, Van Asten, P., Blomme, G., Vanlauwe, B.+, Swennen, R.+, Annandale, J.* and Barnard, R.*, in: Scientia Horticulturae, volume 150, pages 299-311, ISSN 0304-4238, 2013. [DOI]
 
Effect of Fusarium oxysporum endophyte inoculation on the activities of phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes and Radopholus similis numbers in susceptible and tolerant East African Highland bananas, Paparu, P., Dubois, T., Coyne, D. and Viljoen, A.*, in: Nematology, volume 12, number 3, pages 469-480, ISSN 1388-5545, 2010.
 
Effect of temperature on symptom expression and detection of banana streak badnavirus in plantains and bananas, Dahal, G., Hughes, J., Thottappilly, G. and Lockhart, B., in: Phytopathology, volume 87, number S-22, 1997. [DOI]
 
Endophytic Beauvaria bassiana controls: Radopholus similis in tissue culture bananas, Akello, J., Coyne, D., Wasukira, A.* and Dubois, T., Poster presentation at 5th International Congress of Nematology, 13th - 18th July 2008, Brisbane, Australia, 2008.
 
Evaluating combined effects of pesticide and crop nutrition (with N, P, K and Si) on weevil damage in East African Highland Bananas., Bukomeko, H., Taulya, G., Schut, A. G. T., van de Ven, G., Kubiriba, J.* and Giller, K., in: PloS ONE, volume 18, number 3: e0282493, pages 1-12, ISSN 1932-6203, 2023. [DOI]
 
Evaluation of Mchare and Matooke Bananas for Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1, Ndayihanzamaso, P.*, Mostert, D.*, Matthews, M. C.*, Mahuku, G., Jomanga, K., Mpanda, H. J., Mduma, H., Brown, A., Uwimana, B., Swennen, R., Tumuhimbise, R.* and Viljoen, A.*, in: Plants, volume 9, number 9: 1082, pages 1-15, ISSN 2223-7747, 2020. [DOI]
 
Expressed Centromere Specific Histone 3 (CENH3) variants in cultivated triploid and wild diploid bananas (Musa spp.), Muiruri, K. S.*, Britt, A. B., Amugune, N. O.*, Nguu, E.*, Chan, S. and Tripathi, L., in: Frontiers in Plant Science, volume 8, number 1034, pages 1-12, ISSN 1664-462X, 2017. [DOI]
 
Expression of stacked plant ferredoxin like protein and hypersensitive response assisting protein in bananas to enhance resistance against Banana Xanthomonas Wilt, Abubakar, M., Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J., Kiggundu, A.*, Tushemereirwe, W. K.* and Kunert, K.*, Abstract in the Book of Abstracts of the II ISHS Genetically Modified Organisms in Horticulture Symposium: Paving the Way for a Sustainable Future. Nelspruit, South Africa. September 12-16, 2011.
 
Feasibility of in vitro propagation of bananas and plantains, Vuylsteke, D. and De Langhe, E., in: Tropical Agriculture, volume 62, number 4, pages 323-328, ISSN 0041-3216, 1985.
 
Field trial of Xanthomonas wilt disease-resistant bananas in East Africa, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J., Kiggundu, A.*, Korie, S., Shotkoski, F. and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, in: Nature Biotechnology, volume 32, number 9, pages 868-870, ISSN 1087-0156, 2014. [DOI]
 
First reactions to ABB cooking bananas distributed in southeastern Nigeria, Hahn, S. K., Vuylsteke, D. and Swennen, R., in: Sigatoka leaf spot diseases of bananas, edited by R.A. Fullerton and R.H. Stover: proceedings of an international workshop in San Jose, Costa Rica, 28 Mar - 1 Apr 1989, pages 306-315, International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP), 1990.
 
Food quality and future market potential for plantain, plantain hybrids, and cooking bananas in west Africa, Ferris, R. S. B., Ortiz, R., Akele, S.*, Akalumhe, Y. O., Chukwu, U., Crouch, J. H. and Vuylsteke, D., pages 93-107, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 1998.
 
Food quality and future market potential for plantain, plantain hybrids, and cooking bananas in West Africa, Ferris, R. S. B., Ortiz, R., Akele, S., Akalumhe, Y. O., Chukwu, U., Crouch, J. H. and Vuylsteke, D., in: Postharvest technology and commodity marketing: proceedings of a Postharvest Conference, Accra, Ghana, 27 November - 1 December 1995, pages 93-107, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 1998.
 
Fruit quality evaluation of plantains, plantain hybrids, and cooking bananas, Ferris, R. S. B., Ortiz, R. and Vuylsteke, D., in: Postharvest Biology and Technology, volume 15, pages 73-81, ISSN 0925-5214, 1999.
 
Fungal friends fight the good fight: bio-protection of bananas, Dubois, T. and Coyne, D., pages 26-27, IITA, ISBN 978-91-586-4175-4, 2011.
 
Generation of cell suspensions of East African highland bananas through scalps, Sadik, K.*, Rubaihayo, P.*, Magambo, M. J. S.* and Pillay, M., in: African Journal of Biotechnology, volume 6, number 11, pages 1352-1357, 2007.
 
Genetic diversity among East African highland bananas for female fertility, Ssebuliba, R., Rubaihayo, P.*, Tenkouano, A., Makumbi, D., Talengera, D. and Magambo, M. J. S.*, in: African Crop Science Journal, volume 13, number 1, pages 13-26, ISSN 1021-9730, 2005.
 
Genetic improvement of plantains and bananas at IITA, Vuylsteke, D., Ortiz, R. and Swennen, R.+, in: InfoMusa, volume 2, number 1, pages 10-12, 1993.
 
Genetic transformation of bananas for resistance to Xanthomonas wilt disease, Tripathi, L., Abstract, P. 50 in the programme and abstracts book of the 2nd National Biosafety Conference, 5-9 August, 2013, Kenyatta International Convention Centre (KICC), Nairobi, Kenya, 2013.
 
Genetically engineered bananas resistant to Xanthomonas wilt disease and nematodes, Tripathi, L., Atkinson, H. J., Roderick, H., Kubiriba, J.* and Tripathi, J., in: Food and Energy Security, volume 6, number 2, pages 37-47, ISSN 2048-3694, 2017. [DOI]
 
Genome sequencing data for wild and cultivated bananas, plantains and abaca, Sambles, C., Venkatesan, L., Shittu, O. M., Harrison, J., Moore, K., Tripathi, L., Grant, M., Warmington, R. and Studholme, D. J., in: Data In Brief, volume 33, number -: 106341, pages 1-7, ISSN 2352-3409, 2020. [DOI]
 
Genomics-assisted breeding in the CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB), Friedmann, M., Asfaw, A., Anglin, N. L., Becerra, L. A., Bhattacharjee, R., Brown, A., Carey, E., Ferguson, M., Gemenet, D., Lindqvist-Kreuze, H., Rabbi, I. Y., Rouard, M. and Swennen, R., in: Agriculture, volume 8, number 7, pages 1-24, ISSN 2077-0472, 2018. [DOI]
 
Growing bananas from "seeds", Lorenzen, J., in: R4D Review, volume 1, pages 31-35, ISSN 2071-3681, 2008.
 
Heterogeneous information exposure and technology adoption: the case of tissue culture bananas in Kenya, Kabunga, N., Dubois, T. and Qaim, M., in: Agricultural Economics, volume 43, number 5, pages 473-485, ISSN 0169-5150, 2012. [DOI]
 
Horizontal gene flow from transgenic bananas to rhizosphere and phyllosphere inhabiting micro-organisms, Kabuye, D., Okori, P., Tripathi, L., Niyibigira, E. and Tripathi, J., in: Book of Abstracts in AGBIOSAFESEED 2010, March 8-11, Kampala, pages 24-25, 2010.
 
Identification of sources resistant to a virulent Fusarium wilt strain (VCG 0124) infecting Cavendish bananas, Thangavelu, R.*, Saraswathi, M. S.*, Uma, S.*, Loganathan, M.*, Backiyarani, S.*, Durai, P.*, Raj, E. E.*, Marimuthu, N.*, Kannan, G.* and Swennen, R., in: Scientific Reports, volume 11, number -: 3183, pages 1-14, ISSN 2045-2322, 2021. [DOI]
 
Identification of the genomic constitution of Musa L. lines (bananas, plantains and hybrids) using molecular cytogenetics, Osuji, J. O., Harrison, G., Crouch, J. H. and Heslop-Harrison, J. S., in: Annals of Botany, volume 89, pages 787-793, ISSN 0305-7364, 1997.
 
IITA to save bananas, Pillay, M., in: New Vision (Uganda) 21 April, 2003.
 
Improvement of bananas for black sigatoka and Panama disease resistance through genetic manipulation, De Smet, K., Panis, B., Sagi, L., Cammue, B. P. A. and Swennen, R.+, in: African Crop Science Journal, volume 2, number 1, pages 1-7, ISSN 1021-9730, 1994.
 
Improvement of East African highland bananas, Pillay, M., Tenkouano, A., Makumbi, D., Lwanga, C. and Talengera, D., in: Book of Abstracts of the 1st International Congress on Banana: harnessing research to improve livelihoods, 6-9 July 2004, Penang, Malaysia, 2004.
 
Increasing efficiency of the breeding pipeline for east African highland bananas, Batte, M., Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2019.
 
Information asymmetries and technology adoption: the case of tissue culture bananas in Kenya. Courant Research Centre; Discussion Paper no. 74, Kabunga, N., Dubois, T. and Qaim, M., number 74, 2011.
 
Intercropping coffee and bananas - soil challenges and income benefits: proceedings of Ugandan Annual Coffee Stakeholder meeting 30 September 2009, Kampala, Uganda., Van Asten, P., 2009.
 
Male fertility and zygotic embryo germination in bananas, Luyiga, J.*, Makerere University, 2022.
 
Metagenomic insights of the root colonizing microbiome associated with symptomatic and non-symptomatic bananas in fusarium wilt infected fields, Kaushal, M., Mahuku, G. and Swennen, R., in: Plants, volume 9, number 2: 263, pages 1-18, ISSN 2223-7747, 2020. [DOI]
 
Microbial control of Mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet A notable pathogen of bananas and plantains, Abiala, M., Ogunjobi, A.*, Odebode, C. A.* and Ayodele, M., in: Nature and Science, volume 8, number 10, pages 299-305, ISSN 1545-0740, 2010.
 
Mineral fertilizers improve the sensory quality of East African highland bananas (Musa AAA-EA, cv. 'Kisansa'), Taulya, G., Van Asten, P., Nowakunda, K. and Kaddu-Mukasa, P.*, in: Tree and Forestry Science and Biotechnology, volume 4, number 1, pages 93-96, ISSN 1752-3753, 2010.
 
Mixing bananas and coffee for better returns, Van Asten, P., in: InfoMusa, ISSN 1023-0076, 2009.
 
Molecular methods for the identification of bananas and plantains, Pillay, M., in: Banana Cultivar Names and Synonyms Workshop, 23-25 March 2004, Kampala, Uganda, 2004.
 
Multivariate analyses of supposedly duplicate accessions of east African highland bananas in germplasm colections in Uganda, Karamura, D., Pickersgill, B., Vuylsteke, D., Gold, C., Karamura, E. B.* and Kiggundu, A.*, in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 540, pages 89-97, ISSN 0567-7572, 2000.
 
Multivariate analysis of supposedly duplicate accessions of East African highland bananas in germplasm collections in Uganda, Karamura, D.*, Pickersgill, B., Vuylsteke, D., Gold, C., Karamura, E. B.* and Kiggundu, A.*, in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 540, pages 89-97, 2000.
 
Mycosphaerella leaf spot diseases of bananas: present status and outlook, Jacome, L., Lepoivre, P., Marin, D., Ortiz, R., Romero, R. and Escalant, J., International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP), 2003.
 
Nematode parasites of bananas and plantains, Sikora, R., Coyne, D. and Queneherve, P., pages 617-657, chapter 17, CABI International, ISBN 978-1-7863-9-1-247, 2018.
 
Nematode species densities, root damage and yield of bananas (Musa spp) in Uganda, Elsen, A., Speijer, P., Swennen, R.+ and De Waele, D., in: African Plant Protection, volume 6, number 2, pages 31-36, ISSN 1023-3121, 2000.
 
Nematodes associated with East African Highland cooking bananas and cv. Pisang Awak (Musa spp.) in Central Uganda, Speijer, P. and De Waele, D., in: Nematology, volume 3, number 6, pages 535-541, 2001.
 
Norms for multivariate diagnosis of nutrient imbalance in the east African highland bananas (Musa spp. AAA), Wairegi, L. and Van Asten, P., in: Journal of Plant Nutrition, volume 34, pages 1453-1472, ISSN 0190-4167, 2011. [DOI]
 
Occurrence distribution and abundance of plant parasitic nematodes of bananas in Uganda, Kashaija, I., Speijer, P., Gold, C. and Gowen, S., in: African Crop Science Journal, volume 2, number 1, pages 99-104, ISSN 1021-9730, 1994.
 
Organic bananas from Africa?, Abele, S., in: R4D Review, volume 1, pages 43-46, ISSN 2071-3681, 2008.
 
Overcoming the fertility crisis in bananas (Musa spp.), Amah, D., Turner, D., Gibbs, D. J., Waniale, A.*, Gram, G. and Swennen, R., Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, volume 2, pages 257-306, chapter 11, Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, ISBN 978 1 78676 344 0, 2021. [DOI]
 
Ploidy and genomic group effects on yield components interaction in bananas and plantains across four environments in Nigeria, Baiyeri, K., Tenkouano, A., Mbah, B.* and Mbagwu, J., in: Scientia Horticulturae, volume 85, pages 51-62, ISSN 0304-4238, 2000.
 
Postflask management of micropropagated bananas and plantains: a manual on how to handle tissue-cultured banana and plantain plants, Vuylsteke, D., Talengera, D., Reeves, J. and Owoeye, T., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 1998.
 
Postharvest quality of plantains and cooking bananas, Ferris, R. S. B., Adeniji, T. A., Chukwu, U., Akalumhe, Y. O., Vuylsteke, D. and Ortiz, R., in: Plantain and banana production and research in West and Central Africa: proceedings, Regional Workshop, Onne, Nigeria, 23-28 Sep 1995, pages 15-22, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 1996.
 
Prediction of acceptable colour of cooking bananas (matooke) using instrumental and sensory measurements, Khakasa, E.*, Muyanja, C., Mugabi, R.*, Babirye, A., Namuddu, M. G.*, Mukasa, Y.*, Namanya, P.*, Arinaitwe, I. K.*, Uwimana, B., Tumuhimbise, R.* and Nowakunda, K.*, in: Food and Humanity, volume 2, number -: 100268, pages 1-9, ISSN 2949-8244, 2024. [DOI]
 
Priorities for future research on the root system and corm in plantains and bananas in relation with nematodes and the banana weevil, Swennen, R., Wilson, G. F. and Decoene, D., pages 91-96, CIDARC, 1988.
 
Production of transgenic bananas resistant to Xanthomonas wilt disease in Eastern Africa, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J. and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, in: 4th International Bacterial Wilt symposium, 17-20th July, York, UK, 2006.
 
Reproductive efficiency and breeding potential of East African highland (Musa AAA-EA) bananas, Ssebuliba, R., Talengera, D., Makumbi, D., Namanya, P., Tenkouano, A., Tushemereirwe, W. K.* and Pillay, M., in: Field Crops Research, volume 95, number 2-3, pages 250-255, 2006.
 
Response of East African highland bananas and hybrids to Radopholus similis, Dochez, C., Whyte, J., Tenkouano, A., Ortiz, R. and De Waele, D., in: Nematology, volume 7, number 5, pages 655-666, ISSN 1388-5545, 2005.
 
Response of East African highland bananas to black Sigatoka and Cladosporium leaf speckle under tropical humid forest lowland conditions in West Africa, Pasberg-Gauhl, C. and Gauhl, F., in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 540, pages 325-334, 2000.
 
Role of biotechnology and transgenics in bananas (Musa spp.) in Africa, Shotkoski, F., Tripathi, L., Kiggundu, A.*, Arinaitwe, G.* and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 879, pages 275-279, ISSN 0567-7572, 2010.
 
Save our Bananas, Furniss, C., in: Msafiri, Kenyan Airways, 2006.
 
Seed set patterns in east African highland cooking bananas are dependent on weather before, during and after pollination, Waniale, A.*, Swennen, R., Mukasa, S.*, Tugume, A. K.*, Kubiriba, J.*, Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Batte, M., Brown, A. and Tumuhimbise, R.*, in: Horticulturae, volume 7, number 7: 165, pages 1-12, ISSN 2311-7524, 2021. [DOI]
 
Seed set patterns in east African highland cooking bananas show asymmetric distribution in bunches and fruits, Waniale, A.*, Swennen, R., Mukasa, S.*, Tugume, A. K.*, Kubiriba, J.*, Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Batte, M., Brown, A. and Tumuhimbise, R.*, in: Agronomy, volume 11, number 4: 763, pages 1-20, ISSN 2073-4395, 2021. [DOI]
 
Sensory characterization of the perceived quality of East African highland cooking bananas (matooke), Khakasa, E.*, Muyanja, C., Mugabi, R.*, Bugaud, C., Forestier-Chiron, N., Uwimana, B., Arinaitwe, I. K.* and Nowakunda, K., in: Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture, pages 1-8, ISSN 0022-5142, 2023. [DOI]
 
Silicon induced resistance against Xanthomonascampestrispv. musacearumin bananas, Mburu, K., Oduor, R.*, Mgutu, A. J.* and Tripathi, L., Abstract in the 13th International Conference on Plant Pathogenic Bacteria June 8 - 13, Shanghai, China, 2014.
 
Soil factors affecting growth of East African Highland bananas (AAA-EA, cv Kisansa) tissue-culture plants on a ferralsol in Central Uganda, Nyombi, K.*, Van Asten, P., Taulya, G. and Giller, K., in: 23rd SSSEA Conference, 20-24 November, 2006, Masaka, Uganda, Soil Science Society of East Africa, 2006.
 
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for screening for resistance to Black Sigatoka (P. fijiensis) in bananas: SOP04, Kinalwa, N., Serebe, C., Mwanje, G., Kanaabi, R., Kisitu, J., Mulongo, M. and Nakato, V., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 2022.
 
Studies for improving pollination and fertilization efficiency in east African highland Matooke and Mchare bananas (Musa spp.), Waniale, A.*, Makerere University, 2022.
 
Suitability of existing Musa morphological descriptors to characterize east African highland 'matooke' bananas, Batte, M., Mukiibi, A., Swennen, R., Uwimana, B., Pocasangre, L., Hovmalm, H. P., Geleta, M. and Ortiz, R ., in: Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, volume 65, pages 645-657, ISSN 0925-9864, 2018. [DOI]
 
The banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus (Germar), is a potential vector of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum in bananas, Were, E., Nakato, V., Ocimati, W., Ramathani, I., Olal, S.* and Beed, F., in: Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, pages 1-8, ISSN 0706-0661, 2015. [DOI]
 
The future of African bananas, Tripathi, L., in: R4D Review, volume 1, pages 46-48, ISSN 2071-3681, 2008.
 
The leaf spot complex on high-land bananas in Uganda, Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Holderness, M., Gold, C. and Deadman, M., in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 540, pages 336-341, 2000.
 
The role of bananas in Eastern DRCongo, Van Asten, P., Abele, S., Blomme, G., Sanginga, P., Vanlauwe, B., Vigheri, N., Lunze, L., Walangululu, J.* and Farrow, A., in: MUSACO meeting, 18-22 September 2006, Limbe, Cameroon, MUSACO, 2006.
 
The role of variety attributes in the uptake of new hybrid bananas among smallholder rural farmers in central Uganda, Sanya, L. N.*, Sseguya, H., Kyazze, F.*, Diiro, G. M.* and Nakazi, F.*, in: Agriculture & Food Security, volume 9, number 1, pages 1-13, ISSN 2048-7010, 2020. [DOI]
 
Threats to the highland banana in eastern Africa: International Network for the Improvement of Bananas and Plantains (INIBAP), Swennen, R. and De Langhe, E., in: Musarama, volume 2, number 1, pages 2-4, 1989.
 
Toward marker-assisted selection in breeding for Fusarium wilt tropical race-4 type resistant bananas, Ferreira, C. F.*, Chen, A., Aitken, E. A. B., Swennen, R., Uwimana, B., de Jesus Rocha, A.*, da Silva Soares, J. M.*, de Souza Ramos, A. P.* and Amorim, E. P.*, in: Journal of Fungi, volume 10, number -: 839, pages 1-10, ISSN 2309-608X, 2024. [DOI]
 
Trainer's manual: a training course for banana farmers interested in growing tissue culture bananas, Lule, M., Dubois, T., Coyne, D., Kisitu, D.*, Kamusiime, H.* and Bbemba, J.*, 2013.
 
Transgenic bananas for Africa: Case study on bacterial wilt and nematode resistance, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J., Roderick, H., Kiggundu, A.*, Atkinson, H. J. and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Abstract in the 18th International Consortium on Applied Bioeconomy Research (ICABR), June 18-20, Nairobi, Kenya, 2014.
 
Transgenic bananas for disease resistance, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J., Arinaitwe, G.*, Kiggundu, A.* and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Abstract (Oral Presentation) in the Book of Abstracts of the II ISHS Genetically Modified Organisms in Horticulture Symposium: Paving the Way for a Sustainable Future. Nelspruit, South Africa. September 12-16, 2011.
 
Transgenic bananas with enhanced resistance against Xanthomonas wilt disease, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J., Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Arinaitwe, G.* and Kiggundu, A.*, in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 974, pages 81-90, ISSN 0567-7572, 2013.
 
Understanding the consequences of changes in the production frontiers for roots, tubers and bananas, Petsakos, A., Prager, S. D., Gonzalez, C., Gama, A. C., Sulser, T. B., Gbegbelegbe, S., Kikulwe, E. and Hareau, G., in: Global Food Security, volume 20, pages 180-188, ISSN 2211-9124, 2019. [DOI]
 
Unlocking the profit potentials of an innovation: a case study of IITA hybrid plantains and bananas, Faturoti, B., Emah, G.*, Isife, B.*, Tenkouano, A., Adeniji, T. A. and Lemchi, J., in: Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences, volume 6, number 2, pages 177-182, 2007.
 
Unravelling the complex story of intergenomic recombination in ABB allotriploid bananas, Cenci, A., Sardos, J., Hueber, Y., Martin, G., Breton, C., Roux, N., Swennen, R., Carpentier, S. C. and Rouard, M., in: Annals of Botany, volume 127, number 1, pages 7-20, ISSN 0305-7364, 2020. [DOI]
 
Use of meristem culture to produce banana-streak virus-free plantlets, Tumuboine, E., Rubaihayo, P.* and Legg, J., in: Paper presented at: Fourth regional meeting of the Forum on Agricultural Resource Husbandry, Lilongwe, Malawi, 10-14 July, 2000.
 
Value-adding post harvest processing of cooking bananas (Musa spp. AAB and ABB genome groups), Adeniji, T. A., Tenkouano, A., Ezurike, J., Ariyo, O. and Vroh Bi, I., in: African Journal of Biotechnology, volume 9, number 54, pages 9135-9141, ISSN 1684-5315, 2010.
 
What went wrong with the interaction between bananas and Radopholus similis?, 2007.
 
What went wrong with the interaction between bananas and Radopholus similis?, Ochieno, D.*, Dubois, T., Coyne, D., Van Asten, P., Van Huis, A. and Dicke, M., 2007.
 
Why interventions in the seed systems of roots, tubers and bananas crops do not reach their full potential, Almekinders, C. J., Walsh, S., Jacobsen, K. S., Andrade-Piedra, J., McEwan, M. A., de Haan, S., Kumar, P. L. and Staver, C., in: Food Security, pages 1-20, ISSN 1876-4517, 2019. [DOI]
 
Yield effects of tissue culture bananas in Kenya: accounting for selection bias and the role of complementary inputs, Kabunga, N., Dubois, T. and Qaim, M., in: Journal of Agricultural Economics, volume 63, number 2, pages 444-464, ISSN 0021-857X, 2012. [DOI]
 
Yield effects of tissue culture bananas in Kenya: accounting for selection bias and the role of complementary inputs. Courant Research Centre; Discussion Paper no. 82, Kabunga, N., Dubois, T. and Qaim, M., number 82, 2011.
 
Assessment of RNAi-induced silencing in banana (Musa spp), Dang, T. V. T., Windelinckx, S., Henry, I. M., De Coninck, B., Cammue, B. P. A., Swennen, R. and Remy, S., in: BMC Research Notes, volume 7, number 655, pages 1-30, ISSN 1756-0500, 2014. [DOI]
 
Keywords:Bananas; RNAi; Musa

Bananas and plantains (Musa spp.), Brown, A., Tumuhimbise, R.*, Amah, D., Uwimana, B., Nyine, M., Mduma, H., Talengera, D.*, Karamura, D., Kuriba, J.* and Swennen, R., pages 219-240, chapter 7, Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-59817-8, 2017. [DOI]
 
Breeding and end-use quality traits of roots, tubers, and bananas (RTB) crops for authentic African cuisines-a review, Alamu, E. O., Adesokan, M., Awoyale, W. and Maziya-Dixon, B., in: Euphytica, number 220:129, pages 1-21, ISSN 0014-2336, 2024. [DOI]
 
Challenges for ex Situ conservation of wild bananas: seeds collected in Papua new guinea have variable levels of desiccation tolerance, Kallow, S., Longin, K., Sleziak, N., Janssens, S., Vandelook, F., Dickie, J., Swennen, R., Paofa, J., Carpentier, S. C. and Panis, B., in: Plants, volume 9, number -: 1243, pages 1-21, ISSN 2223-7747, 2020. [DOI]
 
Current geographical distribution of two native African biotic constraints to Musa production: Xanthomonas wilt of banana and enset, and some nematode species, Blomme, G., Price, N., Coyne, D., Lepoint, P., Nicholas, N.*, Ndayihanzamaso, P.*, Niyongere, C.*, Yemataw, Z.*, Addis, T.*, Pillay, M., Karamura, E. B.* and Jones, D. R., in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 986, pages 89-102, ISSN 0567-7572, 2013.
 
Development and evaluation of steamer for Attieke production: a cross cutting initiative of CGIAR Research Program for Roots , Tubers and Bananas: poster, Sangodoyin, O. M.*, Alamu, E. O., Diallo, T. A., Kolawole, P., Abass, A., Maziya-Dixon, B., Parkes, E., Awoyale, W., Buraimoh, B., Ben, J., Tran, T., Jekayinfa, S. O.*, Olajide, J. O.*, Kulakow, P., Dixon, A. and Asiedu, R., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 2019.
 
Development of a lateral flow device for in-field detection and evaluation of PCR based diagnostic methods for Xanthomonas campestris pathovar musacearum, the causal agent of banana Xanthomonas wilt., Hodgetts, J., Karamura, G.*, Johnson, G., Hall, J., Perkins, K., Beed, F., Nakato, V., Grant, M., Studholme, D. J., Boonham, N. and Smith, J., in: Plant Pathology, pages 1-27, ISSN 0032-0862, 2014. [DOI]
 
Genetic improvement for a sustainable management of the resistance, Craenen, K. and Ortiz, R., in: Proceedings, Costa Rica, 2002.
 
Genome sequencing data for wild and cultivated bananas, plantains and abaca, Sambles, C., Venkatesan, L., Shittu, O. M., Harrison, J., Moore, K., Tripathi, L., Grant, M., Warmington, R. and Studholme, D. J., in: Data In Brief, volume 33, number -: 106341, pages 1-7, ISSN 2352-3409, 2020. [DOI]
 
Long term evaluation of the susceptibility of 16 Musa genotypes to banana bunchy top disease in Cameroon, Central Africa, Ngatat, S., Hanna, R., Kumar, P. L., Gray, S. M., Cilia, M. and Fontem, D. A.*, Abstract, 134-P in Phytopathology 103(6), (Suppl. 2): S2.103., 2013. [DOI]
 
Management of RTB-critical pests and diseases under changing climates, through risk assessment, surveillance and modeling, 29-31 January, 2014, Kabale, Uganda, Kroschel, J., Okonya, H., Juarez, H.*, Forbes, G., Kreuze, J., Beed, F., Blomme, G. and Legg, J., 2014.
 
Manual: fresh cassava roots handling for waxing and relative humidity storage, Waigumba, S.*, Matovu, M.*, Nuwamanya, E.*, Nyamutoka, P.*, Kaliisa, R.*, Nanyondo, R.*, Muyinza, H.*, Wanda, K. and Abass, A., CGIAR, 2016.
 
Manual: setting up a packhouse for waxing and relative humidity storage of fresh cassava roots, Matovu, M.*, Wanda, K., Alenkhe, B., Muyinza, H.*, Nuwamanya, E.*, Aceng, S.*, Nyamutoka, P.*, Menya, G.*, Nyakaisiki, E.*, Nanyondo, R.*, Kaliisa, R.*, Waigumba, S.*, Kwagala, I.* and Abass, A., CGIAR, 2016.
 
Mitigating the impact of biotic constraints to build resilient banana systems in Central and Eastern Africa, Swennen, R., Blomme, G., Van Asten, P., Lepoint, P., Karamura, E. B.*, Njukwe, E., Tinzaara, W., Viljoen, A.*, Karangwa, P.*, Coyne, D. and Lorenzen, J., pages 85-104, chapter 7, Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-53273-0, 2013.
 
Module de formation sur les technologies de transformation des bananes en d'autres produits culinaires: programme Global Pour L'agriculture et La Securite Alimentaire; a training manual, Kantungeko, D., Mutuo, P., Ndikumana, J.* and Nijimbere, R.*, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 2024.
 
Nematode parasites of bananas and plantains, Sikora, R., Coyne, D. and Queneherve, P., pages 617-657, chapter 17, CABI International, ISBN 978-1-7863-9-1-247, 2018.
 
Prediction of acceptable colour of cooking bananas (matooke) using instrumental and sensory measurements, Khakasa, E.*, Muyanja, C., Mugabi, R.*, Babirye, A., Namuddu, M. G.*, Mukasa, Y.*, Namanya, P.*, Arinaitwe, I. K.*, Uwimana, B., Tumuhimbise, R.* and Nowakunda, K.*, in: Food and Humanity, volume 2, number -: 100268, pages 1-9, ISSN 2949-8244, 2024. [DOI]
 
Preliminary evaluation of variability in Musa root system development, Blomme, G. and Ortiz, R., pages p. 24, 1996.
 
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for screening for resistance to Black Sigatoka (P. fijiensis) in bananas: SOP04, Kinalwa, N., Serebe, C., Mwanje, G., Kanaabi, R., Kisitu, J., Mulongo, M. and Nakato, V., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, 2022.
 
Transgenic bananas with enhanced resistance against Xanthomonas wilt disease, Tripathi, L., Tripathi, J., Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, Arinaitwe, G.* and Kiggundu, A.*, in: Acta Horticulturae, volume 974, pages 81-90, ISSN 0567-7572, 2013.
 
Assessment of banana planting practices and cultivar tolerance in relation to management of soilborne Xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum, Mwangi, M., Bandyopadhyay, R., Ragama, P. and Tushemereirwe, W. K.*, in: Crop Protection, volume 26, pages 1203-1208, 2007. [DOI]
 
Abstract:
Experiments were carried out to evaluate various options to reduce wilting of bananas replanted to rehabilitate farms previously destroyed by Xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum (Xcm). Paring, time taken to cure paring injuries and covering corms with infested or uninfested soil were evaluated. Nine banana cultivars were evaluated for tolerance to infection by Xcm through roots. An average of 75% of corms planted immediately after paring and covered with infested topsoil wilted as compared to 25% incidence when pared corms were covered in uninfested soil and over-layered with infested soil. No plants wilted when pared corms were cured for 3 days before planting. Unpared corms planted and covered with infested soil on the same day they were dislodged from mother plants had an average of 40% wilt incidence. Unpared corms had less wilt incidence if kept for 2{\^a}€“3 days before planting. Differences were observed in cultivar susceptibility to infection through corms and roots with cultivars Enzagata and Yangabi Km5 being least susceptible. Cultivars Gonja, Kibuzi and Pisang Awak were more susceptible with 50{\^a}€“75% wilt incidence in pot trials and 36{\^a}€“45% in field trials. The less susceptible cultivars had fewer and shorter primary roots, and took an average of 69{\^a}€“77 days to wilt while the more susceptible cultivars had more and longer primary roots and wilted within 40{\^a}€“50 days after planting. Results of the study show that adjustments in planting practices could contribute to reducing wilting incidence and hence support efforts to rehabilitate banana productivity in farms devastated by Xcm.

Development of a semi-selective medium for isolating Xanthomonas camprestris pv. musacearum from insect vectors, infected plant material and soil, Mwangi, M., Mwebaze, M., Bandyopadhyay, R., Aritua, V.*, Eden-Green, S., Tushemereirwe, W. K.* and Smith, J., in: Plant Pathology, volume 56, number 3, pages 383-390, ISSN 0032-0862, 2007.
 
Abstract:
A semiselective medium was developed for isolating Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm) from infected banana plants, soil and insect vectors. The new medium was named cellobiose-cephalexin agar (CCA) and it contained (L{\^a}ˆ’1): 1 g yeast extract, 1 g glucose, 1 g peptone, 1 g NH4Cl, 1 g MgSO4{\"i}¿½7H2O, 3 g K2HPO4, 1 g beef extract, 10 g cellobiose, 14 g agar, 40 mg cephalexin, 10 mg 5-fluorouracil and 120 mg cycloheximide. The medium was evaluated for selectivity using 21 bacterial isolates and for plating efficiency using Xcm. The bacterial isolates included a soilborne Xanthomonas species and three pathogenic Xanthomonas strains that infect cassava, cabbage and beans. Although the plating efficiency of Xcm on CCA was lower (59%) than on non-selective yeast extract peptone glucose agar (YPGA), its selectivity was significantly higher, averaging 60 and 82%, when isolating from banana fruits and soil, respectively. CCA was also superior when isolating Xcm from insect vectors, with selectivity of 48-75%, compared with 8-17% on YPGA. Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli did not grow on CCA, while X. campestris pv. campestris and X. axonopodis pv. manihotis grew, but their colonies were smaller than those of Xcm. Twenty-nine out of 33 suspected Xcm strains isolated from plants, soil and insects using CCA were pathogenic when inoculated onto banana plants, indicating that CCA can be a reliable tool in isolating Xcm populations. The medium should prove useful in studies on ecology, epidemiology and management of the banana bacterial wilt pathogen that is currently ravaging bananas in East and Central Africa.

Reproductive efficiency and breeding potential of East African highland (Musa AAA-EA) bananas, Ssebuliba, R., Talengera, D., Makumbi, D., Namanya, P., Tenkouano, A., Tushemereirwe, W. K.* and Pillay, M., in: Field Crops Research, volume 95, number 2-3, pages 250-255, 2006.
 
Abstract:
The East African highland banana (Musa spp. AAA) is an economically important food crop. The crop is affected by a number of diseases and pests. Genetic improvement of the crop is hindered by very low seed set and poor seed germination. The objective of this study was to compare seed set, seed quality and embryo rescue rates of hybrid seeds obtained from 20 East African highland banana cultivars crossed with a fertile diploid species, Musa acuminata spp. burmannicoides 'Calcutta 4', as a male parent. There was great variation in seed set, seed quality and in vitro embryo germination rates among the cultivars. Although 72% (range = 47-88%) of the seeds appeared normal externally characterized by black hard integuments, only 59% (range = 35-81%) contained embryos, of which 9% (range = 0-22%) germinated. This study demonstrated that hard-seeded-ness alone does not signify the presence of an embryo and should not be regarded as a measure of seed fertility in East African highland bananas. Cultivars 'Entukura', 'Enzirabahima' and 'Kabucuragye' of the 'Nfuuka' clone set were superior in terms of seed set, presence of seeds with embryos and culturability of embryos. These cultivars are recommended as female parents for a crossing program in the improvement of East African highland bananas. The low embryo rescue rates suggest that hybrid seeds derived from East African highland banana possess factors that cause high embryo abortion. This may be ascribed to endosperm breakdown, which can release toxins.