Titles (69)Keywords (1)Abstracts (1)
A participatory evaluation of improved cowpea cultivars in the Guinea and Sudan savanna zones of north east Nigeria, Kamara, A., Ellis-Jones, J., Ekeleme, F.*, Omoigui, L., Amaza, P., Chikoye, D. and Dugje, I.*, in: Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, volume 56, number 3, pages 355-370, ISSN 0365-0340, 2010. [DOI]
 
Africa research in sustainable intensification for the next generation: sustainable intensification of key farming systems in the Sudan and Guinea Savannas of west Africa, Hoeschle-Zeledon, I., 2019.
 
Agricultural transformation through wheat: an evaluation of TAAT wheat compact activities in Sudan; TAAT MEL working document No. 005, Okoruwa, V.*, Zozo, R., Kago, K., Opaluwah, A., Lewis, S ., Bishaw, B., Gizaw, S. and Akem, C., 2023.
 
Alleviation of soil constraints to crop growth in the upland alfisols and associated soil group of the West African Sudan savannah by tied ridges, Hulugalle, N., in: Soil and Tillage Research, volume 18, pages 231-247, 1990.
 
Analyses of soil physico chemical properties determining Striga hermonthica infestations and grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in nigerian Guinea and Sudan savannas, Dugje, I.*, Kamara, A. and Kwari, J.*, in: Nigerian Journal of Weed Science, volume 21, pages 23-37, ISSN 0794-4950, 2008.
 
Analysing the prospect of the IAR4D's innovation platforms in improving the productive efficienceis of cereal-legume farmers in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria, Olarinde, L.*, Abdoulaye, T., Kamara, A., Binam, J. N. and Adekunle, A., in: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, volume 8, number 2, pages 813-820, ISSN 1459-0255, 2010.
 
Analysis of drought-tolerant maize adoption and its effect on food security among farmers in the Sudan Savanna of Northeastern Nigeria, Idrisa, Y. L.*, Abdoulaye, T., Mohammed, S. T.* and Ibrahim, A. A.*, in: Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology, volume 3, number 6, pages 496-504, ISSN 2320-7027, 2014.
 
Assessing the potential impact of Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (IAR4D) on adoption of improved cereal-legume crop varieties in the Sudan Savannah Zone of Nigeria, Binam, J. N., Abdoulaye, T., Olarinde, L., Kamara, A. and Adekunle, A., in: Journal of Agricultural and Food Information, volume 12, number 2, pages 177-198, ISSN 1049-6505, 2011. [DOI]
 
Assessment of climate change impact and adaptation strategy for millet in the Sudano-Sahelian region of Niger, Tofa, A., Kamara, A., Mohamed, A. M. L., Garba, M., Souley, A. M.*, Salissou, H., Kapran, B. I. and Abdoulaye, T., in: Regional Environmental Change, volume 24, number -: 151, pages 1-15, ISSN 1436-3798, 2024. [DOI]
 
Assessment of level, extent and factors influencing Striga infestation of cereals and cowpea in a Sudan Savanna ecology of northern Nigeria, Kamara, A., Ekeleme, F., Jibrin, J. M.*, Tarawali, G. and Tofa, A., in: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, volume 188, pages 111-121, ISSN 0167-8809, 2014. [DOI]
 
Assessment of the level, extent, and factors influencing Striga infestation of cereal and cowpea fields in the Sudan Savanna Zone of Northern Nigeria, Kamara, A., Ekeleme, F.*, Jibrin, J. M.* and Tofa, A., International Parasitic Plant Society (IPPS), 2013.
 
Baseline report of the Sudan Savanna zone of the Kano-Katsiina-Maradi (KKM) Project Learning Site (PLS) of the sub-Saharan Africa-Challenge Program (SSA-CP), Ayanwale, A. B.*, Abdoulaye, T., Sanni, A.*, Damisa, M. A.*, Kamara, A., Adekunle, A.*, Fatunbi, A. O., Ayedun, B. and Akinola, A. A.*, 2011.
 
Combining ability analysis among Sudanese and IITA maize germplasm at Gezira Research Station, Meseka, S. K. and Ishaaq, J.*, in: Journal of Applied Biosciences, volume 57, pages 4198-4207, ISSN 1997-5902, 2012.
 
Comparative performance of common grain legumes in the Sudan savanna zone of Nigeria, Ajeigbe, H., Kamara, A. and Chikoye, D., in: Proceedings of 42nd Annual Conference of Agricultural Society of Nigeria, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria, 19-23 October, 2008, pages 210-213, Agricultural Society of Nigeria, 2008.
 
Cowpea response to planting date under different maize maturity types in West African Sudan savannah, Ewansiha, S. U.*, Kamara, A. and Chiezey, U. F.*, in: Journal of Tropical Agriculture, volume 52, number 2, pages 139-144, ISSN 0971-636X, 2014.
 
Determinants of adoption of agricultural innovations and profitability of cereals and legumes in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria, Ayanwale, A. B.*, Abdoulaye, T., Kamara, A., Adekunle, A.*, Fatunbi, O.*, Ayedun, B. and Akinola, A. A.*, in: lfe Journal of Agriculture, volume 27, pages 95-110, 2014.
 
Does nitrogen matter for legumes? Starter nitrogen effects on biological and economic benefits of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) in Guinea and Sudan Savanna of west Africa, Rahman, N. A., Larbi, A., Kotu, B. H., Tetteh, F. M.* and Hoeschle-Zeledon, I., in: Agronomy, volume 8, number -:120, pages 1-12, ISSN 2073-4395, 2018. [DOI]
 
Effect of planting methods and soil moisture on cassava performance in the semi-arid Sudan savanna belt of Nigeria, Okogbenin, E.*, Ekanayake, I. J. and Porto, M. C. M., in: African Crop Science Journal, volume 7, number 1, pages 21-33, ISSN 1021-9730, 1999.
 
Effect of rock bunds and tied ridges on soil water content and soil properties in the Sudan savannah of Burkina Faso, Hulugalle, N., De Koning, J. and Matlon, P. J., in: Tropical Agriculture, volume 67, number 2, pages 149-153, 1990.
 
Effect of sowing date on Striga infestation and yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) cultivars in the Sudan savanna of northeast Nigeria, Ekeleme, F.*, Kamara, A., Omoigui, L., Chikoye, D., Dugje, I.* and Tegbaru, A., in: African Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 6, number 14, pages 3240-3246, ISSN 1991-637X, 2011.
 
Effect of Tillage on the growth and yield of cowpea varieties in sudan Savanna agroecology of Northern Nigeria, Ewansiha, S. U.*, Udensi, U. E.* and Kamara, A., in: Annual Research & Review in Biology, volume 5, number 3, pages 275-284, ISSN 2347-565X, 2015. [DOI]
 
Effects of planting date on yield related traits of some soybean genotypes in Sennar state of the Sudan, Ngalamu, T.*, Odra, J., Ashraf, M.* and Meseka, S. K., in: Journal of Applied Agricultural Research, volume 5, number 1, pages 1-11, ISSN 2006-750X, 2013.
 
Evaluation and Selection of Maize for drought resistance in the Sudan savanna of West Africa, Diallo, A.* and Rodriguez, M. S., in: In: Drought Resistance in Plants, Proceedings of the Commission of the European community meeting held in Amalfi, Italy, Oct 20-23, 1986, pages 349-370, 1987.
 
Genetic diversity of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) colonizing sweet potato and cassava in South Sudan, Misaka, B. C.*, Wosula, E. N., Marchelo-d'Ragga, P. W.*, Hvoslef-Eide, T. and Legg, J., in: Insects, volume 11, number 1: 58, pages 1-15, ISSN 2075-4450, 2020. [DOI]
 
Genetic gain in yield and agronomic characteristics of cowpea cultivars developed in the Sudan Savannas of Nigeria over the past three decades, Kamara, A., Tefera, H., Ewansiha, S. U., Ajeigbe, H., Okechukwu, R., Boukar, O. and Omoigui, L.*, in: Crop Science, volume 51, number 5, pages 1877-1886, ISSN 0011-183X, 2011. [DOI]
 
Genotype x environment interactions of yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) inbred lines in the Guinea and Sudan Savanna ecologies of Ghana, Owusu, E.*, Amegbor, I. K.*, Mohammed, H.*, Kusi, F.*, Atopkle, I.*, Sie, E. K.*, Ishahku, M.*, Zakaria, M.*, Iddrisu, S.*, Kendey, H. A.*, Boukar, O., Fatokun, C. and Nutsugah, S. K.*, in: Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, pages 1-9, ISSN 1975-9479, 2020. [DOI]
 
Genotypic variability in adaptation responses of selected clones of cassava to drought stress in the Sudan savanna zone of Nigeria, Okogbenin, E.*, Ekanayake, I. J. and Porto, M. C. M., in: Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, volume 189, pages 376-389, ISSN 0931-2250, 2003.
 
Groundnut genotypes response to Rhizobium inoculation in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria, Umar, F. G.*, Abdelgadir, A. H., Yusuf, A. A.*, Jibrin, J. M.*, Motagi, B. N. and Kamai, N., Abstract, p. 147, in the book of abstracts of the PanAfrican Grain Legume and World Cowpea Conference 28 February - 4 March, Livingstone, Zambia, 2016.
 
Household typology based analysis of livelihood strategies and poverty status in the Sudan Savannah of Nigeria: baseline conditions, Damisa, M. A.*, Sanni, S. A.*, Abdoulaye, T., Kamara, A. and Ayanwale, A. B.*, in: Learning Publics Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Studies, volume 2, number 1, pages 146-160, ISSN 2026-5654, 2011.
 
Improvement in grain and fodder yields of cowpea genotypes representing four decades of breeding in the Nigerian Sudan savannas, Kamara, A., Ajeigbe, H., Ewansiha, S. U., Boukar, O., Okechukwu, R., Tefera, H. and Omoigui, L., Abstract (Oral presentaion) in Program and Book of Abstracts of the 5th World Cowpea Research Conference, held at Palm Beach Hotel, Saly, Senegal. 27 September - 1 October, 2010.
 
Improvements in grain and fodder yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) varieties developed in the Sudan savannas of Nigeria over the past four decades, Kamara, A., Ewansiha, S. U., Ajeigbe, H., Okechukwu, R., Tefera, H., Boukar, O. and Omoigui, L.*, in: Innovative research along the cowpea value chain. Proceedings of the Fifth World Cowpea Conference on Improving livelihoods in the cowpea value chain through advancement in science, held in Saly, Senegal, 27 September - 1 October 2010, pages 179-188, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 2012.
 
Incidence of Maruca vitrata f. on cowpea in the sudano-sahelian zone of Niger, Abdoulaye Zakari, O.*, Baoua, I.*, Amadou, L.*, Dannon, E.*, Tamo, M., Mahamane, S.* and Pittendrigh, B. R., in: Indian Journal of Entomology, volume 81, number 2, pages 217-222, ISSN 0367-8288, 2019. [DOI]
 
Monoxenic culture of Pratylenchus sudanensis on carrot discs with evidence of differences in reproductive rates between geographical isolates, Mudiope, J., Coyne, D., Adipala, E.* and Sikora, R., in: Nematology, volume 6, pages 617-619, 2004.
 
Morphological characterization of fibrous root system of cassava germplasm in Sudan savanna zone of Nigeria, Ekanayake, I. J. and Okarter, U., pages 68-69, 2001.
 
Nutrient inputs for rehabilitation of non-responsive soils in the guinea and sudan savannah agroecological zones of Ghana: Impact on grain yield and soil quality, Asel, R.*, Abaidoo, R. C.*, Opoku, A.* and Adjei-Nsiah, S., in: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, volume 6, number : 796878, pages 1-13, ISSN 2571-581X, 2022. [DOI]
 
On-farm evaluation of improved cowpea-cereals cropping systems for crop-livestock farmers: cereals-cowpea systems in Sudan savanna zone of Nigeria, Ajeigbe, H., Singh, B. B., Ezeaku, I. and Adeosun, J. O.*, in: African Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 5, number 17, pages 2297-2304, ISSN 1991-637X, 2010.
 
Participatory evaluation of improved cowpea cultivars in the Guinea and Sudan savanna zones of north east Nigeria, Kamara, A., Ellis-Jones, J., Ekeleme, F.*, Omoigui, L., Amaza, P., Chikoye, D. and Dugje, I.*, in: Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, volume 56, number 3, pages 355-370, ISSN 1476-3567, 2010.
 
Pathogenicity of the lesson nematode, Pratylenchus sudanensis (Loff and Yassin) on a yam variety (Dioscorea rotundata), Mudiope, J., Coyne, D., Adipala, E.* and Sikora, R., in: Paper presented at: Paper presented at the 6th Biennial Conference of the African Crop Science Society, 12-17 October, Nairobi, Kenya., 2003.
 
Performance of groundnut genotypes under millet based intercropping systems in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria, Aliyu, K. T., Ajeigbe, H. A.+ and Mohammed, I. B., in: International Journal of Advanced and Innovative Research, volume 5, number 6, pages 126-132, ISSN 2278-7844, 2016.
 
Performance of soybean (Glycine max L Merrill) genotypes under different planting dates in Sennar State of the Sudan, Ngalamu, T.*, Meseka, S. K. and Ashraf, M.*, in: Journal of Applied Biosciences, volume 49, pages 3363-3370, ISSN 1997-5902, 2012.
 
Physiological response of soybean [Glycine max L. Merril] genotypes to drought-induced stress: preliminary screening for drought under south sudan agro-ecological (Ironstone/Mountains) conditions, Gama, P. B. S.*, Vuga, A. J.* and Chigeza, G., in: International Journal of Agricultural Research and Review, volume 8, number 3, pages 011-030, ISSN 2360-7971, 2020.
 
Potential of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) for dry season grain and fodder production in the Sudan and Sahel zones of West Africa, Ajeigbe, H. A.+, Saidou, A.K.*, Singh, B. B., Hide, O. and Satoshi, T., in: Innovative research along the cowpea value chain:proceedings of the fifth world cowpea conference on improving livelihoods in science, held in Saly, Senegal, 27 september -1 October 2010, pages 189-201, IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria, 2012.
 
Quantitative assessment of traditional cropping systems in the Sudan savanna of northern Nigeria II. Management and productivity of major cropping systems, van Ek, G. A., Henriet, J, Blade, S. and Singh, B., in: Samaru Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 14, pages 47-60, 1997.
 
Quantitative assessment of traditional cropping systems in the Sudan savanna of northern Nigeria: I. Rapid survey of prevalent cropping systems, Henriet, J, van Ek, G. A., Blade, S. and Singh, B., in: Samaru Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 14, pages 37-45, 1997.
 
Quantitative assessment of traditional cropping systems in the Sudan savanna of northern Nigeria: III. Importance of trees, shrubs and secondary crops in the cropping systems, Henriet, J, van Ek, G. A., Blade, S. and Singh, B., in: Samaru Journal of Agricultural Research, volume 14, pages 61-66, 1997.
 
Recent developments in millet/cowpea cropping systems for low rainfall areas of Sudano-Sahelian zone of West Africa, Ntare, B. R., Fussell, L. K. and Serafini, P. G., 1989.
 
Response of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.Walp) varieties to Bradyrhizobial strains (USDA 3384 and 3451) and phosphorus levels in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria, Musa, M.*, Bayero University, 2017.
 
Response of cowpea to sowing date and maize plant population in a Sudan savannah environment, Ewansiha, S. U.*, Kamara, A., Chiezey, U. F.* and Onyibe, J. E.*, in: Tropical Agriculture, volume 92, number 1, pages 80-91, ISSN 0041-3216, 2015.
 
Response of exotic sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) cultivars to planting date under natural infestation of Striga hermonthica (Del) Benth. in the Sudan savanna zone of northeast Nigeria, Kamara, A., Ekeleme, F.*, Omoigui, L., Menkir, A., Chikoye, D. and Dugje, I.*, in: Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, volume 57, number 6, pages 679-692, ISSN 0365-0340, 2011. [DOI]
 
Response of groundnut to plant density and phosphorous application in the Sudan Savanna zone of Nigeria, Ajeigbe, H. A.+, Kamara, A., Kunihya, A., Inuwa, A. H. and Adinoyi, A., in: International Journal of Biosciences, volume 9, number 1, pages 291-302, ISSN 2220-6655, 2016. [DOI]
 
Response of maize (Zea mays) to the application of foliar fertilizers in the Sudan and Guinea savanna zone of Nigeria, Jemo, M., Nwoke, C.*, Pypers, P. and Vanlauwe, B., in: Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, pages 1-10, ISSN 1436-8730, 2015. [DOI]
 
Response of old and new cowpea varieties to insecticide spray regimes in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria, Kamara, A., Ewansiha, S. U.*, Ajeigbe, H. A.+ and Omoigui, L.*, in: Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, pages 1-12, ISSN 0323-5408, 2012. [DOI]
 
Screening multiple-use cover crops for the Sudan savanna of northern Cameroon, Carsky, R. and Ndikawa, R., in: Cover crops in West Africa: contributing to sustainable agriculture: proceedings of a workshop, Cotonou, Benin, 1-3 October 1996, pages 179-187, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture: IDRC: Sasakawa Global 2000, 1998.
 
Sorghums of the Sudan: analysis of regional diversity and distribution, Grenier, C., Bramel, P., Dahlberg, J., El Ahmadi, A., Mahmoud, M., Peterson, G., Rosenow, D. and Ejeta, G., in: Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, volume 51, number 5, pages 489-500, 2004.
 
Southern Sudan, Equatoria region, cassava baseline survey technical report, Ntawuruhunga, P., Legg, J., Okidi, J., Okao-Okuja, G., Tadu, G.* and Remington, T., International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), ISBN 978-131-323-4, 2007.
 
Study of the dynamics of resource use and identification of policy gaps in agricultural production, processing and marketing in the Sudan Savannas of Northern Nigeria, Abalu, G. I.*, Abdoulaye, T., Kamara, A. and Adekunle, A.*, 2011.
 
Sweet potato production in south Sudan: current status, virus infections and whitefly vector diversity, Langwa, B. C. M., Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 2019.
 
Traditional yam cropping inthe Sudan savanna of Cameroon, Pfeiffer, H. and Lyonga, S. N., in: Tropical Root Crops: Root Crops and the African Food Crisis: Proceedings of the Third Triennial Symposium of the International Society for Tropical Root Crops - Africa Branch, pages -61p., IDRC, Ottawa, 1987.
 
Use of successional sowing in evaluating cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) adaptation to drought in the Sudan savannah zone. 1. Seed yield response, Muleba, N., Mwanke, N. and Drabo, I.*, in: Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, volume 116, pages 73-81, 1991.
 
Use of successional sowing in evaluating cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) adaptation to drought in the Sudan savannah zone. 2. Responseof reproductive traits, Muleba, N., Mwanke, N. and Drabo, I.*, in: Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge, volume 116, pages 83-93, 1991.
 
Using a linear discriminant analysis approach of baseline conditions to develop household categories in the Sudan Savanna ( KKM PLS SSA CP ), Nigeria, Olarinde, L.*, Abdoulaye, T., Kamara, A., Binam, J. N. and Adekunle, A., in: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, volume 8, number 2, pages 805-812, ISSN 1459-0255, 2010.
 
Using a participatory approach and legume integration to increase the productivity of early maturing maize in the Nigerian Sudan Savannas, Kamara, A., Ajeigbe, H. A.+, Ndaghu, N.*, Kamsang, L.*, Ademulegun, T. and Solomon, R., in: International Journal of Agronomy, number -: 5154943, pages 1-8, ISSN 1687-8159, 2019. [DOI]
 
Using CERES-maize model to determine nitrogen fertilisation requirements of early maize in Nigerian Sudan Savannah, Adnan, A. A.*, Jibrin, J. M.*, Kamara, A., Abdulrahman, B. L.* and Shaibu, A. S.*, Abstract, p. 116 in the book of abstracts of the Tropentag 2015: management of land use systems for enhanced food security - conflicts, controversies and resolutions, in Humboldt-Universitat Berlin, Germany, September 16 - 18, 2015.
 
Using CERES-maize model to determine the nitrogen fertilization requirements of early maturing maize in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria, Adnan, A. A.*, Jibrin, J. M.*, Kamara, A., Abdulrahman, B. L.* and Shaibu, A. S.*, in: Journal of Plant Nutrition, volume 40, number 7, pages 1066-1082, ISSN 0190-4167, 2017. [DOI]
 
Variability and grain yield potential of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.) genotypes under irrigated conditions in the Sudan, Ishaq, J.* and Meseka, S. K., in: Canadian Journal of Plant Breeding, volume 2, number 2, pages 76-79, ISSN 2291-6342, 2014.
 
Varietal Trials and Physiological Basis for Yield Differences among Cowpea Varieties in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria, Kamai, N.*, Kamara, A. and Omoigui, L.*, in: International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research, volume 2, number 5, pages 855-859, ISSN 2319-1473, 2014.
 
Wheat farmers in Sudan record increased yields after adoption of proven technologies: TAAT news Vol. 1, TAAT, , 2019.
 
Yield performance and stability analysis of promising soybean genotypes under contrasting environments in the semi-arid zone of Sudan, Ngalamu, T.*, Bulli, P.* and Meseka, S. K., in: Legume Research, pages 1-8, ISSN 0250-5371, 2023. [DOI]
 
Yield performance stability of adapted and improved cowpea in the Equatoria region of South Sudan, Ngalamu, T.*, Meseka, S. K., Galla, J. O.*, Tongun, N. J.*, Ochanda, N. W.* and Ofori, K.*, in: Legume Research, pages 1-6, ISSN 0250-5371, 2019. [DOI]
 
Variability and grain yield potential of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.) genotypes under irrigated conditions in the Sudan, Ishaq, J.* and Meseka, S. K., in: Canadian Journal of Plant Breeding, volume 2, number 2, pages 76-79, ISSN 2291-6342, 2014.
 
Keywords:Pennisetum glaucum, Genotypes, heritability, yields, Sudan

Mycoflora and natural occurrence of aflatoxins and fumonisin B1 in cassava and yam chips from Benin, West Africa, Gnonlonfin, B.*, Hell, K., Fandohan, P.* and Siame, A. B.*, in: International Journal of Food Microbiology, volume 122, number 1-2, pages 140-147, 2008.
 
Abstract:
The presence of fungi, aflatoxins and fumonisin B1 in cassava and yam chips (during 28 processing and storage) were evaluated during two consecutive seasons in two agroecological zones of Benin (Northern Guinea Savannah, NGS and Sudan Savannah, SS). The Benin samples were assessed for moisture content, fungal infestation and total aflatoxin and fumonisin B1 contamination. During the two seasons, samples collected from the NGS, had moisture contents ranging from 10.0 to 14.7% in cassava chips and from 11.4 to 15.3% in yam chips. In samples from the SS, moisture content ranged from 10.1 to 14.5% and 11.1 to 14.5% in cassava and yam chips, respectively. A. flavus was the predominant fungal species. The maximum cfu/g in cassava and yam chips was 8950 and 6030, respectively. Other fungal species isolated included P. chrysogenum, M. piriformis, Phoma sorghina, F. verticillioides, R. oryzae and Nigrospora oryzae. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of both cassava and yam chips showed no contamination by either aflatoxins or fumonisin B1.